Zabbix — Supervision IT Infrastructure

# docker-compose.yml
version: '3'
services:
  zabbix-server:
    image: zabbix/zabbix-server-pgsql:ubuntu-6.4-latest
    ports:
      - "10051:10051"
    environment:
      - DB_SERVER_HOST=postgres
      - POSTGRES_USER=zabbix
      - POSTGRES_PASSWORD=zabbix_pass
      - POSTGRES_DB=zabbixdb
    depends_on:
      - postgres
  zabbix-web:
    image: zabbix/zabbix-web-nginx-pgsql:ubuntu-6.4-latest
    ports:
      - "8080:8080"
    environment:
      - DB_SERVER_HOST=postgres
      - POSTGRES_USER=zabbix
      - POSTGRES_PASSWORD=zabbix_pass
      - POSTGRES_DB=zabbixdb
      - ZBX_SERVER_HOST=zabbix-server
      - PHP_TZ=Europe/Paris
    depends_on:
      - zabbix-server
  postgres:
    image: postgres:15
    environment:
      - POSTGRES_USER=zabbix
      - POSTGRES_PASSWORD=zabbix_pass
      - POSTGRES_DB=zabbixdb
    volumes:
      - pgdata:/var/lib/postgresql/data
  # Agent sur le serveur Zabbix lui-même
  zabbix-agent:
    image: zabbix/zabbix-agent2:ubuntu-6.4-latest
    environment:
      - ZBX_HOSTNAME=zabbix-server
      - ZBX_SERVER_HOST=zabbix-server
volumes:
  pgdata:

# Accès : http://localhost:8080
# Login : Admin / zabbix (changer immédiatement)

# Ubuntu/Debian — Agent 2 (recommandé)
wget https//repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/6.4/ubuntu/pool/main/z/zabbix-release/zabbix-release_6.4-1ubuntu22deb
dpkg -i zabbix-release_6.4-1+ubuntu22.04_all.deb
apt update && apt install -y zabbix-agent2
# Configuration /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agent2.conf
Server1921681100          # IP serveur Zabbix
ServerActive1921681100
Hostnamemon-serveur           # Nom de l'hôte (doit correspondre dans Zabbix)
LogFile/var/log/zabbix/zabbix_agent2.log
systemctl enable --now zabbix-agent2
# Windows — PowerShell
# Télécharger zabbix_agent2 MSI depuis zabbix.com
msiexec /i zabbix_agent2msi /lv installlog 
  LISTENPORT10050 SERVER1921681100 HOSTNAMEpc-windows
# Vérification connectivité depuis le serveur
zabbix_get -s 192168150 -p 10050 -k systemuptime

# Templates officiels à utiliser (Configuration > Hosts > Templates)
Linux by Zabbix agent       CPU RAM disque rseau processus
Windows by Zabbix agent     WMI services event log
Network devices by SNMP     Switches routeurs
Apache by Zabbix agent      Mtriques Apache
Nginx by Zabbix agent       Connexions requtes/s
PostgreSQL by Zabbix agent  Sessions locks replication
Docker by Zabbix agent      Conteneurs CPU/RAM

Configuration > Hosts > Create host
  Host name  mon-serveur
  Groups  Linux servers
  Interfaces  Agent  IP 192168150  Port 10050
  Templates  Linux by Zabbix agent
Monitoring > Hosts > Vrifier "ZBX" vert  agent OK

# CPU élevé
mon-serveur:system.cpu.util[,idle].avg(5m)} < 20
# RAM faible
mon-serveur:vm.memory.size[pavailable].last()} < 10
# Disque plein
mon-serveur:vfs.fs.size[/,pfree].last()} < 10
# Host inaccessible
mon-serveur:agent.ping.nodata(3m)}  1
# Processus arrêté
mon-serveur:proc.num[nginx].last()}  0
# Port fermé
mon-serveur:net.tcp.port[,443].last()}  0

# Configuration Media Types
Administration > Media types > Email
# SMTP
SMTP server  smtpgmailcom
SMTP port  587
SMTP helo  gmailcom
From  zabbixcompanycom
Security  STARTTLS
Username  Password  credentials
# Webhook Slack
Administration > Media types > Slack
  WEBHOOK_URL  https//hooks.slack.com/services/XXX
  Message template 
    "🔴 {TRIGGER.SEVERITY} — {HOST.NAME}\n{TRIGGER.NAME}\n{ITEM.VALUE}"
# Configuration User media
Administration > Users > Admin > Media
  Type  Email ou Slack
  Send to  email ou channel
  Severity  cocher les niveaux  notifier

# Activer SNMP sur switch/routeur
# Cisco IOS
snmp-server community public RO
snmp-server community private RW
# Zabbix — Ajouter hôte SNMP
Configuration > Hosts > Create host
  Interface  SNMP  IP switch  Port 161
  Templates  Network Generic Device by SNMP
# Test SNMP depuis Zabbix
snmpwalk -v2c -c public 19216811 136121110
# Doit retourner la description du device

# Dashboard recommandé pour NOC
Monitoring > Dashboard > Create
Widgets 
   Map topologie rseau avec statuts
   Problems liste des problmes actifs
   Graph CPU/RAM des serveurs critiques
   Clock horloge
   Host availability htes UP/DOWN
   Top 10 hosts plus chargs
# Vue plein écran (mode NOC)
Monitoring > Dashboard  Kiosk mode icne plein cran

# Plugin Zabbix dans Grafana
Administration > Plugins > Zabbix
# Datasource
Configuration > Data Sources > Add > Zabbix
  URL : http://zabbix-web:8080/api_jsonrpc.php
  Username : Admin
  Password : zabbix
  Trends : enabled (pour données historiques > 1h)
# Dashboard populaire
# Grafana.com → Dashboard ID 13571 (Zabbix Server Health)
# Dashboard ID 9338  (Zabbix — Linux Overview)

import requests
url = "http://localhost:8080/api_jsonrpc.php"
def zabbix_call(method, params, auth=None):
    payload = {
        "jsonrpc": "2.0",
        "method": method,
        "params": params,
        "id": 1,
    }
    if auth:
        payload["auth"] = auth
    r = requests.post(url, json=payload)
    return r.json()["result"]
# Login
token = zabbix_call("user.login", {"username": "Admin", "password": "zabbix"})
# Lister hôtes avec problèmes
hosts = zabbix_call("host.get", {
    "output": ["hostid", "host", "status"],
    "filter": {"status": 0}
}, auth=token)
# Lister les triggers actifs
problems = zabbix_call("problem.get", {
    "output": "extend",
    "selectHosts": ["host"],
    "recent": True,
    "severities": [3, 4, 5]  # Average, High, Disaster
}, auth=token)